Pętla T-SQL przez kolumnę danych XML w celu uzyskania unikalnego zestawu ścieżek

Przestarzałe podejście z FROM OPENXML może być tutaj opcją. Sprawdź tę odpowiedź .

Pod ten link znajdziesz funkcję publikowaną od czasu do czasu przez Johna Cappelletti, która zniszczy dowolny kod XML (kredyty poniżej kodu funkcji).

Ale nie jestem pewien, co tak naprawdę próbujesz osiągnąć... Dlaczego potrzebujesz ścieżki? Jeśli interesują Cię wartości wszystkich docelowych węzłów, możesz zrobić coś takiego (głębokie wyszukiwanie za pomocą // nie wymaga dokładnego XPath )

 SELECT t.value(N'(text())[1]','nvarchar(max)')
 FROM @xml.nodes('//target') AS A(t);

Jeśli naprawdę potrzebujesz wszystko i wszystko możesz to sprawdzić:

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[udf-XML-Hier](@XML xml)

Returns Table 
As Return

with  cte0 as ( 
                  Select Lvl       = 1
                        ,ID        = Cast(1 as int) 
                        ,Pt        = Cast(NULL as int)
                        ,Element   = x.value('local-name(.)','varchar(150)')
                        ,Attribute = cast('' as varchar(150))
                        ,Value     = x.value('text()[1]','varchar(max)')
                        ,XPath     = cast(concat(x.value('local-name(.)','varchar(max)'),'[' ,cast(Row_Number() Over(Order By (Select 1)) as int),']') as varchar(max))
                        ,Seq       = cast(1000000+Row_Number() over(Order By (Select 1)) as varchar(max))
                        ,AttData   = x.query('.') 
                        ,XMLData   = x.query('*') 
                  From   @XML.nodes('/*') a(x) 
                  Union  All
                  Select Lvl       = p.Lvl + 1 
                        ,ID        = Cast( (Lvl + 1) * 1024 + (Row_Number() Over(Order By (Select 1)) * 2) as int ) * 10
                        ,Pt        = p.ID
                        ,Element   = c.value('local-name(.)','varchar(150)')
                        ,Attribute = cast('' as varchar(150))
                        ,Value     = cast( c.value('text()[1]','varchar(max)') as varchar(max) ) 
                        ,XPath     = cast(concat(p.XPath,'/',c.value('local-name(.)','varchar(max)'),'[',cast(Row_Number() Over(PARTITION BY c.value('local-name(.)','varchar(max)') Order By (Select 1)) as int),']') as varchar(max) )
                        ,Seq       = cast(concat(p.Seq,' ',10000000+Cast( (Lvl + 1) * 1024 + (Row_Number() Over(Order By (Select 1)) * 2) as int ) * 10) as varchar(max))
                        ,AttData   = c.query('.') 
                        ,XMLData   = c.query('*') 
                  From   cte0 p 
                  Cross  Apply p.XMLData.nodes('*') b(c) 
              )
    , cte1 as (   
                  Select R1 = Row_Number() over (Order By Seq),A.*
                  From  (
                          Select  Lvl,ID,Pt,Element,Attribute,Value,XPath,Seq From cte0
                          Union All
                          Select Lvl       = p.Lvl+1
                                ,ID        = p.ID + Row_Number() over (Order By (Select NULL)) 
                                ,Pt        = p.ID
                                ,Element   = p.Element
                                ,Attribute = x.value('local-name(.)','varchar(150)')
                                ,Value     = x.value('.','varchar(max)')
                                ,XPath     = p.XPath + '/@' + x.value('local-name(.)','varchar(max)')
                                ,Seq       = cast(concat(p.Seq,' ',10000000+p.ID + Row_Number() over (Order By (Select NULL)) ) as varchar(max))
                          From   cte0 p 
                          Cross  Apply AttData.nodes('/*/@*') a(x) 
                        ) A 
               )

Select A.R1
      ,R2  = IsNull((Select max(R1) From cte1 Where Seq Like A.Seq+'%'),A.R1)
      ,A.Lvl
      ,A.ID
      ,A.Pt
      ,A.Element
      ,A.Attribute
      ,A.XPath
      ,Title = Replicate('|---',Lvl-1)+Element+IIF(Attribute='','','@'+Attribute)
      ,A.Value
 From  cte1 A

/*
Source: http://beyondrelational.com/modules/2/blogs/28/posts/10495/xquery-lab-58-select-from-xml.aspx

Taken from John Cappelletti: https://stackoverflow.com/a/42729851/5089204

Declare @XML xml='<person><firstname preferred="Annie" nickname="BeBe">Annabelle</firstname><lastname>Smith</lastname></person>'
Select * from [dbo].[udf-XML-Hier](@XML) Order by R1
*/
GO 

DECLARE @xml XML=
'<log>
  <clients>
   <client>
    <section name ="Apps"> 
     <questions>
      <groupone>
       <question>
        <target>Age</target>
       </question>
       <question>
        <target> Height</target>
       </question>
       <question>
        <target> Weight</target>
       </question>
      </groupone>
      <grouptwo name = "exercise">
       <wording>what is your name</wording>
        <question>
         <id>1</id>
         <target>def</target>
        </question>
      </grouptwo>
     </questions>
    </section>
   </client>
  </clients>
 </log>';

 SELECT * FROM dbo.[udf-XML-Hier](@xml);
GO