Z tabelą, tabelą z datami z kolumną Data typu Data, poniższe zapytanie zrobi to, o co prosisz.
SELECT
DATENAME(dw, Date) AS WeekDay
,Date
,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Date) AS Day
FROM DateTable
WHERE DATEPART(dw, Date) NOT IN (1, 7)
ORDER BY Date