W końcu osiągnąłem wynik stosując poniższe podejście
SELECT a.*,
col3 - res AS Result
FROM #TABLE1 a
CROSS apply (SELECT Sum(b.col1 * Power(( 1 + b.COL2 / 100.00 ), new_rn)) AS res
FROM (SELECT Row_number()
OVER(
partition BY ccp
ORDER BY rno DESC) new_rn,*
FROM #TABLE1 b
WHERE a.ccp = b.ccp
AND a.rno >= b.rno)b) cs
Wynik:
+-----+------+------+------+------+----------+-------------+
| rno | ccp | col1 | col2 | col3 | col4 | Result |
+-----+------+------+------+------+----------+-------------+
| 1 | ccp1 | 15 | 10 | 1100 | 0.100000 | 1083.500000 |
| 2 | ccp1 | 20 | 10 | 1210 | 0.100000 | 1169.850000 |
| 3 | ccp1 | 30 | 10 | 1331 | 0.100000 | 1253.835000 |
| 4 | ccp2 | 10 | 15 | 900 | 0.150000 | 888.500000 |
| 5 | ccp2 | 15 | 15 | 1000 | 0.150000 | 969.525000 |
| 6 | ccp2 | 20 | 15 | 1010 | 0.150000 | 951.953750 |
+-----+------+------+------+------+----------+-------------+
